Igide Golf Swing Box Analysis — Igides GPS Reference — 105 Players
1
Pure lateral drift — held
Head exits laterally away from target · no vertical component · position held or builds · no recovery
7 players
#1
Bryson DeChambeau (Early Career)
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Image not available for Bryson DeChambeau (Early Career)
Head tracking
TopHead in box, slightly rotated
ImpactHead moves slightly away from target laterally, stays inside box
FollowHolds lateral position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Rotational style with mild lateral drift at impact · no vertical component
Coaching note

Minor lateral drift at impact with a slight rotation at the top. Head stays inside the box throughout — the movement is very small in magnitude. A pure lateral drift pattern that occurs at impact rather than the backswing. One of the smaller magnitude patterns in the dataset.

#2
Ernie Els
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Ernie Els swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target — a few inches — no height change
ImpactMaintains that position — same lateral drift, no height change
FollowDrifts even further laterally — keeps building
Why — the predicate
Rotational style with continuous lateral drift · no vertical component at any point · drift builds progressively · similar to Greg Norman in purely lateral quality
Coaching note

Pure progressive lateral drift with no vertical component. Small lateral exit at the top that maintains through impact and continues to build into follow-through — no recovery. Zero height change at any point. Similar in purely lateral quality to Greg Norman but smaller in magnitude and with a progressive build rather than a held position.

#3
Greg Norman
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Greg Norman swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately 3/4 of a head width — no height change
ImpactStays in laterally offset position — no height change
FollowStays in that position — no height change at any point
Why — the predicate
Rotational style with large lateral drift · zero vertical movement at any point · position loaded and held · no recovery
Coaching note

The most purely lateral pattern in the dataset. Large lateral exit at the top — 3/4 of a head width — with absolutely zero vertical movement at any point. The lateral offset is loaded and held all the way through impact and follow-through. No compounding, no recovery, no height change. Distinct from Ernie Els in that Norman's is larger and held rather than progressively building.

#4
Inbee Park
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held Group 8 ✓
Inbee Park swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — no lowering at all
ImpactHead and spine stay in laterally offset position — no forward movement — head rotates through impact
FollowStays in laterally offset position with rotation continuing
Why — the predicate
Pure lateral offset with no vertical component · head rotation through impact is delivery characteristic · similar to Greg Norman in purely lateral quality · offset held without recovery
Coaching note

Pure lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — with zero vertical component. No recovery — the offset is held through impact and follow-through. Head rotation through impact is the defining delivery characteristic linking Inbee Park to the Group 8 cluster (Duval, Furyk, Gary Player, Sorenstam). The purely lateral pattern with head rotation is unusual and distinctive.

#5
Kenny Perry (FO)
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Kenny Perry (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rises AND moves laterally away from target — almost a full head width
ImpactHead drops back to level BUT stays laterally offset — almost full head width outside box
FollowStays in laterally offset level position
Why — the predicate
Rise at top · drops to level at impact · stays laterally offset almost full head width · two views together show rise, level and lateral hold
Coaching note

Head rises and moves laterally away from target at the top — almost a full head width. At impact it drops back to level but stays in the laterally offset position — almost a full head width outside the box. The FO view is consistent with the DTL: rise at top, returns to level, but significant lateral offset held through impact and follow-through.

#6
Michelle Wie
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Michelle Wie swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box — no movement at top
ImpactHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width outside box
FollowStays in laterally offset position
Why — the predicate
Downswing lateral exit — movement happens on downswing not backswing · stays in laterally offset position
Coaching note

The movement happens on the downswing rather than the backswing — head is stable at the top but drifts laterally away from target as the downswing begins and holds that offset through impact. A pure lateral drift that occurs late — a distinct timing signature from the majority of players.

#7
Morgan Pressel
Group 1 — Pure lateral drift — held
Morgan Pressel swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box
ImpactHead drifts slightly away from target — approximately 1/3 outside the box
FollowStays in that 1/3-outside position
Why — the predicate
Downswing lateral exit — movement happens on downswing not backswing · similar timing to Michelle Wie
Coaching note

Head stable at the top but drifts slightly away from target on the downswing — about 1/3 of a head width outside the box at impact. Stays in that offset position through follow-through. Similar timing to Michelle Wie — the movement is a downswing phenomenon rather than a backswing load.

2
Lateral exit — full recovery
Head exits laterally on backswing · fully returns to box by impact · stays in box
17 players
#8
Gary Player
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery Group 8 ✓
Gary Player swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — over half a head width — AND rises a few inches
ImpactHead returns back inside the box — clean recovery — head rotates through impact
FollowStays inside the box with rotation continuing
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with rise on backswing · clean full recovery at impact · head rotation through impact is delivery characteristic · pre-modern era exception to lateral free-mover pattern
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a rise at the top — over half a head width and a few inches up. Clean full recovery back inside the box at impact. Head rotation through impact links Player to the Group 8 delivery characteristic cluster (Duval, Furyk, Inbee Park, Sorenstam). A pre-modern era player who achieved full recovery — unusual for his generation.

#9
Jason Duffner (DTL)
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Jason Duffner (DTL) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target with slight drop
ImpactHead returns fully inside box — level maintained — no depth sway
FollowStays in box — level through the shot
Why — the predicate
DTL confirms lateral exit and full recovery · no depth sway · level through the shot
Coaching note

DTL view confirms the face-on reading. Head stays level through the shot — no depth sway, no forward lurch. The level maintenance from the DTL angle is a specific positive observation — the lateral exit recovers fully and the depth dimension shows no additional movement.

#10
Jason Duffner (FO)
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Jason Duffner (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target with slight drop
ImpactHead returns fully inside the box — clean complete recovery
FollowStays fully inside the box
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading with slight drop on backswing · complete natural recovery · no hip-drive recoil
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a slight drop at the top followed by a clean and complete recovery back inside the box for impact. Stays in box through follow-through. A consistent Group 2 full-recovery pattern confirmed from both FO and DTL angles.

#11
Johnny Miller
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Johnny Miller swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box throughout — active retention
ImpactHead stays in box — actively fighting against lower body drive
FollowStays in box
Why — the predicate
Active head retention — lower body drives aggressively toward target · head actively counters this force to stay in box · mechanically fragile under pressure
Coaching note

Lower body drives aggressively toward target throughout the swing — this force pulls the head backward. Miller actively fights to keep the head inside the box and succeeds. The head staying in the box here is an ACTIVE COMPENSATORY MOVE against his own lower body, not a natural consequence of his swing style. Mechanically fragile under pressure — the first thing to break down.

#12
Karrie Webb
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Karrie Webb swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead shifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactReturns to almost fully inside the box — spine angle maintained — very slight residual lateral drift
FollowStays very slightly outside box — minimal residual drift
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading on backswing · strong near-complete recovery · spine angle maintained through impact · very slight residual drift remains
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — followed by a strong near-complete recovery for impact. Spine angle maintained through impact — a notable factual observation. Very slight residual lateral drift remains at impact and into follow-through. One of the cleaner near-recovery patterns.

#13
Mark Calcavecchia
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Mark Calcavecchia swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactHead returns fully inside the box — no real head drop
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading on backswing · complete clean recovery · no drop · stays in box
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — followed by a complete clean recovery back inside the box for impact. No head drop detected. Stays in box through follow-through. A clean Group 2 full-recovery pattern.

#14
Nick Faldo
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Nick Faldo swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — natural lateral loading
ImpactHead returns back inside the box
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading on backswing — natural load · swing allows complete return without hip-drive recoil
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — natural lateral loading — followed by a clean complete recovery back into the box for impact. Stays in box through follow-through. The return is complete and clean — a well-controlled Group 2 pattern. All Leadbetter commentary removed — facts in evidence only.

#15
Retief Goosen (DTL)
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Retief Goosen (DTL) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target — slight drop
ImpactSlight drop in posture — remains inside box
FollowExits box rightward on rotation
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading on backswing with minor drop · swing allows natural return without hip-drive recoil
Coaching note

Controlled lateral exit with a slight drop at the top. The box is not fully exited — the movement is contained and the slight postural drop at impact keeps the head inside. A clean Group 2 pattern with minimal magnitude.

#16
Rickie Fowler
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Rickie Fowler swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — with very small drop
ImpactHead returns back inside the box
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading on backswing with very small drop · swing allows complete natural recovery · no hip-drive recoil
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — with a very small drop. Clean and complete recovery back inside the box for impact. Stays in box through follow-through. A controlled Group 2 pattern — the lateral exit is real but the recovery is complete and natural.

#17
Rocco Mediate
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Rocco Mediate swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves significantly laterally away from target — almost a full head width
ImpactHead returns completely inside the box
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Large lateral loading on backswing · swing allows complete recovery despite large exit magnitude
Coaching note

One of the larger lateral exits in the full-recovery group — almost a full head width outside the box at the top. Despite the large exit, a complete and clean recovery back inside the box for impact. The magnitude of exit does not prevent recovery when the swing style allows it.

#18
Sam Snead
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Sam Snead swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSmall lateral drift away from target — minor
ImpactCompletely inside the box
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Minor lateral load on backswing · complete and clean recovery · one of the more controlled classic-era patterns
Coaching note

Minor lateral exit at the top followed by a complete clean recovery back inside the box for impact. More controlled than previously described. The lateral movement is small and the recovery is complete — a well-controlled Group 2 pattern from the classic era.

#19
Stacey Lewis
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Stacey Lewis swing sequence
Head tracking
TopDrifts significantly laterally away from target with a small dip — well outside box
ImpactRecovers completely back inside the box
FollowRemains inside the box
Why — the predicate
Significant lateral load on backswing · swing allows complete natural recovery for impact · no hip-drive recoil prevents return
Coaching note

Significant lateral exit at the top — well outside the box — but the swing style allows a complete clean recovery for impact. Head returns fully inside the box and stays there. One of the larger-exit full-recovery examples in the dataset.

#20
Steve Stricker (DTL)
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Steve Stricker (DTL) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box — no depth sway
ImpactIn box at impact — confirmed DTL
FollowExits up and right in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Rotational style produces minimal movement in all dimensions · DTL confirms no depth sway
Coaching note

DTL view corroborates the face-on reading perfectly. No depth sway, no forward lurch — movement is minimal in every dimension. The compact arm swing is clearly visible from this angle. Together both views confirm Stricker as the quietest ride in the dataset.

#21
Steve Stricker (FO)
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Steve Stricker (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box — minimal movement
ImpactStays in box — minimal movement
FollowExits right in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Rotational style with minimal lateral load — no hip-drive recoil · ride is quiet throughout
Coaching note

The smallest overall head movement in the dataset from the face-on angle. Minor lateral movement, virtually no vertical change. Confirmed from both FO and DTL angles. The quietest ride in the dataset — not because the head is forced still but because the swing mechanics produce almost no movement.

#22
Suzann Pettersen
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Suzann Pettersen swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rotates AND drifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactHead rotates back — almost fully returned inside box — very minor drop
FollowRemains in near-box position
Why — the predicate
Rotation and lateral exit on backswing · swing allows rotational recovery back toward box · minor drop carried
Coaching note

Head rotates and drifts laterally at the top — about half a head width outside the box. At impact the head rotates back and almost fully recovers inside the box with only a very minor drop. The rotational quality of both the exit and return is the defining characteristic.

#23
Tom Watson
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Tom Watson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSlightly outside box at top — lateral sway at top of backswing
ImpactReturns to box at impact
FollowExits right in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Classic lateral loading on backswing · swing moves through ball allowing return · no hip-drive recoil prevents recovery
Coaching note

Classic lateral exit at the top with a clean return to the box for impact. Strong lateral sway is the ride — the head goes with it on the backswing but the swing style allows a clean return. A controlled Group 2 pattern from the classic era.

#24
Yani Tseng
Group 2 — Lateral exit — full recovery
Yani Tseng swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box
ImpactRemains in box through impact
FollowExits right and up in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Swing style produces minimal lateral load · natural return · no significant movement detected
Coaching note

Head stays cleanly inside the box from setup through impact with no lateral drift and no descent. Minimal movement detected at any phase. One of the cleaner examples of a low-magnitude Group 2 pattern where the exit is so small the head barely leaves the box.

3
Lateral traversal through impact
Head exits back on backswing · travels forward through impact zone · partial or full recovery
15 players
#25
Anna Nordqvist
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact Group 8 ✓
Image not available for Anna Nordqvist
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally away from target approx half head width, dropped couple of inches
ImpactHead traverses forward back into box — possibly fractionally ahead of front box line — head rotates through impact
FollowStays in box into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with minor drop at top · forward traversal at impact · full recovery · head rotation through impact is delivery characteristic · DTL confirms excellent spine angle retention
Coaching note

Lateral exit with minor drop at the top followed by a clean forward traversal and full recovery back into the box at impact. Head rotation through impact links Nordqvist to the Group 8 delivery characteristic cluster. DTL view confirms excellent spine angle retention — the head is a passenger of a well-controlled spine.

#26
Annika Sörenstam
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact Group 8 ✓
Image not available for Annika Sörenstam
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally away from target almost full head width
ImpactHead moved toward target recovering approx half box — head rotation through impact
FollowHead rotates toward target into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Large lateral load at top · swing moves through ball producing forward traversal · partial lateral recovery · head rotation through impact is defining delivery characteristic · DTL confirms exceptional spine angle retention
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top — almost a full head width. At impact the head traverses forward, recovering approximately half the lateral exit. Head rotation through impact is the defining delivery characteristic — one of the clearest examples of the Group 8 rotation pattern in the dataset. DTL view confirms exceptional spine angle retention and minimal early extension.

#27
Arnold Palmer
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Image not available for Arnold Palmer
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally approx half head width away from target
ImpactHead moved laterally toward target, completely back in box
FollowStays in box into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load at top · clean forward traversal back into box · full recovery · stays in box
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — followed by a clean full lateral traversal back into the box at impact. Complete recovery. Stays in box through follow-through. A well-controlled Group 3 lateral traversal pattern.

#28
Beatriz Recari
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact Group 8 ✓
Image not available for Beatriz Recari
Head tracking
TopCompletely in box, no height change
ImpactHead moved couple of inches toward target, fractionally outside box, dipped couple of inches
FollowHead rotates like Annika — stays behind ball
Why — the predicate
Minimal movement overall · minor forward traversal and slight drop at impact · head rotation through impact is delivery characteristic · one of smallest magnitudes in dataset
Coaching note

One of the smallest magnitude patterns in the dataset. Head stays in the box at the top with no height change. At impact a minor forward traversal takes the head fractionally outside the box on the target side with a slight dip. Head rotation through impact links Recari to the Group 8 cluster. Very controlled throughout.

#29
Ben Hogan
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Image not available for Ben Hogan
Head tracking
TopHead lowered and moved laterally away from target approx one third head width
ImpactBack in box laterally — lowered another couple of inches
FollowStays in lowered position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with drop at top · full lateral traversal back into box · vertical drop deepens slightly and holds
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a drop at the top — about one third of a head width laterally and some lowering. At impact the lateral component fully traverses back into the box — clean lateral recovery. But the vertical drop deepens slightly at impact and holds. Full lateral recovery, vertical drop carried and deepened.

#30
Billy Horschel
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Image not available for Billy Horschel
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally approx half head width, lowered significantly
ImpactHead moves forward fully back into box but at much lower position
FollowStays in lower position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with significant drop at top · full lateral traversal at impact · vertical drop not recovered — held at lower position
Coaching note

Lateral exit with significant drop at the top — about half a head width laterally and a significant drop. At impact the head fully traverses laterally back into the box — clean lateral recovery. But the significant drop is not recovered — the head is fully back in the box laterally but at a much lower position. Full lateral recovery, vertical drop held.

#31
Bobby Jones
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Image not available for Bobby Jones
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box — more turning than movement
ImpactLarge lower body slide forward causes head to move laterally toward target and dip slightly
FollowStays in box into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Toward-target lateral movement at impact driven by large lower body slide · head is passenger of lower body slide · opposite direction to majority of dataset
Coaching note

Head stays in the box at the top — more turning than movement. At impact a large lower body slide toward the target drives the head laterally toward the target with a minor dip — mostly staying in the box. The direction is notable: toward the target rather than away from it, as the lower body slide pulls the head in the same direction. Opposite to the majority of the dataset where hip action pushes the head away from target.

#32
Brandt Snedeker
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Image not available for Brandt Snedeker
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally away from target and lowered several inches
ImpactHead moved laterally forward — nicely contained in box — risen back to setup level
FollowStays at setup level into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral loading with associated drop at top · natural forward traverse and rise through impact · full recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a drop at the top — several inches down. At impact the head traverses forward and rises back to setup level — a complete lateral and height recovery. Clean containment in the box at impact. A Group 3 traversal with full two-dimensional recovery.

#33
Curtis Strange
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Curtis Strange swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND lowers a few inches — a loading move
ImpactHead moves forward toward target — almost fully recovers original position — no additional height change
FollowStays in near-recovered position — no dramatic angles
Why — the predicate
Controlled lateral load with minor drop at top · clean forward traversal at impact · near-full recovery · no hip-drive recoil · mechanically robust pattern
Coaching note

Controlled lateral load with a minor drop at the top — a deliberate loading move. Clean forward traversal at impact — almost fully recovering to the original position with no additional height change. No dramatic angles in follow-through. The absence of hip-drive recoil allows the near-complete recovery. A mechanically robust ride.

#34
Davis Love III
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Davis Love III swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND rises slightly
ImpactHead drops back to same level as setup — returns to original height — stays in back half of box
FollowStays in back half of box
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with slight rise at top · clean height recovery at impact · lateral partially recovers to back half of box · controlled and contained ride
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a slight rise at the top — about half a head width. At impact the height fully recovers — drops back exactly to setup level. Lateral component partially recovers — inside the box but staying in the back half. No dramatic angles or compounding. The height recovery is clean and precise. A controlled traversal pattern.

#35
Henrik Stenson
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Henrik Stenson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND lowers 3 to 4 inches
ImpactHead moves laterally forward toward target — a few inches — more back inside box — height maintained from lowered position
FollowStays in more centred position
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with lowering at top · swing traverses laterally forward toward target at impact · partial lateral recovery · lowered height maintained
Coaching note

Lateral exit and lowering at the top — about half a head width and 3-4 inches down. At impact the head traverses laterally forward toward the target — partial recovery — while maintaining the lowered height. Stays in that more centred position through follow-through. Very similar structure to Hideki Matsuyama. A Group 3 lateral traversal with maintained lowering.

#36
Hideki Matsuyama
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Hideki Matsuyama swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND lowers several inches
ImpactHead moves laterally forward toward target — more back inside box — but carries lowered position
FollowStays in lower but more laterally centred position
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with lowering at top · forward traversal at impact recovers lateral but carries lowered height · very similar to Henrik Stenson
Coaching note

Lateral exit and lowering at the top. At impact the head traverses laterally forward toward the target — recovering the lateral component — but carries the lowered position. Stays in the lower but more centred position. Very similar in structure to Henrik Stenson — near-identical green box patterns from two players. All pause and A2 commentary removed.

#37
Juli Inkster
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Juli Inkster swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — almost a full head width — AND drops a few inches
ImpactHead moves forward toward target — partially recovers — not fully back — no height change from dropped position
FollowStays in partially recovered position — slightly outside box, height maintained
Why — the predicate
Large lateral exit with drop at top · partial lateral recovery on downswing · height from lowered position maintained · no further drop or rise at impact
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top — almost a full head width — with a drop of a few inches. On the downswing the head traverses laterally forward toward the target — partial recovery. Height from the lowered position is maintained — no further drop or rise. Stays slightly outside the box in that partially recovered position. A Group 3 partial traversal.

#38
Luke Donald
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Luke Donald swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — at least half a head width — with slight dip
ImpactHead moves forward toward target — almost fully back in box — just slightly back side — no visible drop
FollowStays just slightly back side — no drop
Why — the predicate
Lateral load at top · swing traverses through ball forward · near-complete lateral recovery · height maintained · no drop at impact
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — at least half a head width — with a slight dip. On the downswing the head traverses laterally forward toward the target — almost fully recovering. Arrives at impact just slightly to the back side with height maintained. No drop. Stays in that near-recovered position through follow-through. A clean lateral traversal pattern.

#39
Payne Stewart
Group 3 — Lateral traversal through impact
Payne Stewart swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSlight lateral drift away from target — small exit
ImpactHead moves laterally FORWARD toward target — keeping height — stays inside box
FollowStays in forward lateral position inside box
Why — the predicate
Controlled lateral weight transfer — slight back-load at top · swing moves through ball producing forward lateral traversal · stays in box
Coaching note

Slight lateral exit away from target on the backswing followed by a forward lateral traversal toward the target through impact — height maintained throughout. Head stays inside the box but travels from slightly back to slightly forward. A clean lateral traversal pattern.

4
Vertical rise and return
Head rises at top · drops back to box at impact · no lateral component
4 players
#40
Dottie Pepper
Group 4 — Vertical rise and return
Dottie Pepper swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rises several inches — stays inside box — no lateral movement
ImpactHead drops several inches — stays inside box — despite hip moving toward target
FollowRemains inside box well into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Pure vertical rise and return · no lateral component · hip drive present but head stays in box — rare combination · different from Nicklaus and Poulter where hip drive causes recoil exit
Coaching note

Pure vertical rise at the top — no lateral component. At impact drops back down inside the box — and stays there — despite the hip moving toward target. Rare: the hip drive is present but does not create the lateral recoil exit seen in Nicklaus, Poulter and McDowell. Something in the swing mechanics absorbs the hip drive without allowing the head recoil.

#41
Kenny Perry (DTL)
Group 4 — Vertical rise and return
Kenny Perry (DTL) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rises slightly out of the box above
ImpactHead comes back down — fully inside the box — early extension visible in body but head maintained
FollowStays in box
Why — the predicate
Rise at top — similar to Zach Johnson and Phil Mickelson in green box pattern · body shows early extension but head stays in box · training methodology noted
Coaching note

Head rises slightly out of the box at the top then returns fully inside the box at impact. Early extension is visible in the body below but the head is maintained in the box despite this. A rise-and-return pattern — same green box signature as Zach Johnson and Phil Mickelson, different underlying technique.

#42
Phil Mickelson
Group 4 — Vertical rise and return
Phil Mickelson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead and spine rise — above the box
ImpactDrops back into the box
FollowStays in box
Why — the predicate
Swing style causes upward movement at the top · returns as body fires through impact · different technique from Zach Johnson — same green box pattern
Coaching note

Head and spine rise above the box at the top then drop back into the box at impact. Same green box rise-and-return pattern as Zach Johnson but from a completely different underlying technique — Mickelson is not Stack and Tilt. Identical patterns can have entirely different mechanical predicates.

#43
Zach Johnson
Group 4 — Vertical rise and return
Zach Johnson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rises significantly above the box
ImpactDips back down — returns inside the box
FollowStays inside the box
Why — the predicate
Stack and Tilt technique causes upward movement at the top · body fires through impact returning head to box
Coaching note

Head rises significantly above the box at the top — the opposite of a dropper. Returns cleanly to the box at impact and stays there. Stack and Tilt technique is the predicate for this rise-and-return pattern. The head going up at the top then coming back is a direct consequence of the Stack and Tilt weight distribution.

5
Progressive vertical drop — held
Head lowers progressively through swing · stays in box · no lateral component
10 players
#44
Brooks Koepka
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Image not available for Brooks Koepka
Head tracking
TopHead stayed almost completely in box
ImpactHead dropped significantly, remains inside box
FollowContinues dropping, stays in lower part of box
Why — the predicate
Hip drive toward target is the predicate for the progressive drop · to change head position, change lower body behaviour
Coaching note

Head almost completely in box at the top. At impact a significant drop — still inside the box. Through follow-through the drop continues into the lower part of the box. Progressive vertical drop driven by hip action toward target. Head stays inside the box throughout but tracks progressively downward.

#45
Charl Schwartzel
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Image not available for Charl Schwartzel
Head tracking
TopHead dropped several inches
ImpactHead lowered significantly, remains in box
FollowHolds lower position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Swing style produces progressive vertical lowering · drop builds from top through impact · vertical is the dominant characteristic
Coaching note

Drop begins at the top and deepens at impact — still contained within the box. Held into follow-through. Progressive vertical lowering where the drop is the dominant and defining characteristic throughout.

#46
Dustin Johnson
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held Group 8 ✓
Dustin Johnson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box — slight drift away from target — more head rotation than actual lateral movement at top
ImpactHead still in box — but significant head and spine drop at impact
FollowHolds dropped position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Head rotation at top rather than lateral body movement · significant pure vertical drop at impact · drop held into follow-through · head rotation through impact links to Group 8 cluster
Coaching note

The movement at the top is primarily head rotation rather than lateral body movement — a key distinction. At impact a significant drop of the head and spine occurs — still inside the box. The drop is held through follow-through. Head rotation through impact links Dustin Johnson to the Group 8 delivery characteristic cluster. A Group 5 progressive vertical drop pattern with Group 8 rotation characteristic.

#47
Hunter Mahan
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Hunter Mahan swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves slightly laterally away from target — several inches — not large
ImpactReturns inside box — lateral recovers — but has lowered significantly
FollowStays inside box in significantly lowered position
Why — the predicate
Small lateral exit on backswing · lateral fully recovers at impact · significant drop adds and holds · lateral and vertical have opposite recovery outcomes
Coaching note

Small lateral exit at the top — not large. Lateral component fully recovers for impact — back inside the box. But a significant drop has occurred and is held. The lateral recovers while the vertical does not — split recovery outcomes. Head is inside the box at impact but significantly lower than at address.

#48
John Daly
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
John Daly swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead lowers several inches AND moves back laterally several inches — loading move
ImpactDrops significantly further — still inside the box
FollowStays inside box in dropped position
Why — the predicate
Large loading drop at top · significant additional drop at impact · head stays inside box throughout · not a lateral exit
Coaching note

Large loading move at the top — head lowers several inches and moves back laterally. At impact drops significantly further — but the head stays inside the box throughout. A progressive drop pattern where the loading is large but the head is contained within the box. Not the lateral free-mover pattern previously described.

#49
Jonas Blixt
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Jonas Blixt swing sequence
Head tracking
TopIn box — no movement detected
ImpactSlight dip — still inside box
FollowStays inside box
Why — the predicate
Rotational style rather than hip drive toward target · head stability is natural consequence of swing · no compensatory effort required
Coaching note

Minimal movement throughout. Slight dip at impact — still contained within the box. Head stability here is a NATURAL CONSEQUENCE of the rotational swing style — the ride does not create lateral or large vertical forces. No compensatory effort required. Contrast with Johnny Miller: same green box outcome (head in box), completely different mechanical story (natural vs active).

#50
Martin Kaymer
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Martin Kaymer swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSlight head drop — still inside box
ImpactDefinite drop of several inches — still in box but noticeably lower
FollowStays in dropped position
Why — the predicate
Swing style causes progressive vertical lowering · drop builds from slight at top to several inches at impact · no lateral component
Coaching note

Pure progressive vertical drop with no lateral component. Slight drop at the top, definite drop of several inches at impact — still inside the box but noticeably lower. Holds that dropped position through follow-through. Similar in character to Paula Creamer. All A2 commentary removed.

#51
Moe Norman
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Moe Norman swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead in box — but this represents a forward shift from his unique setup position · head and spine set further back at address
ImpactSignificant lowering/drop from top position · stays in lowered position
FollowRemains in lowered position
Why — the predicate
Unique single-plane geometry · setup position is further back than any other player · drop from top to impact is significant · structurally incomparable
Coaching note

Structurally incomparable to any other player. Head and spine set further back at address than any other player in the dataset — the box reference geometry is different. The top position represents a forward shift from his address. Then a significant drop from top to impact that holds. Cannot be meaningfully compared without acknowledging the different starting geometry.

#52
Paula Creamer
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Paula Creamer swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead lowers slightly — still in box
ImpactLowers even more — still in box but noticeably lower
FollowExtreme dip — head drops dramatically
Why — the predicate
Swing style causes progressive vertical lowering · drop escalates at every phase · no lateral component
Coaching note

Progressive pure vertical drop with no lateral component. Slight lowering at top, more at impact, extreme drop in the follow-through. The drop escalates at every phase. Head stays inside the box throughout but tracks progressively downward. The degree of lowering through follow-through represents significant spinal demand.

#53
Sandra Gal
Group 5 — Progressive vertical drop — held
Sandra Gal swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead shifts laterally away from target — approximately 1/3 of a head width — with small drop
ImpactReturns back inside box laterally BUT has dropped even further
FollowStays inside box in dropped position
Why — the predicate
Small lateral exit with minor drop on backswing · lateral component recovers · vertical drop compounds · head inside box at impact but lower
Coaching note

The lateral component recovers cleanly for impact — head returns inside the box. But the vertical drop compounds — drops even further than at the top. Head is inside the box at impact but lower than at address. A split recovery: lateral recovers, vertical does not.

6
Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Head exits laterally on backswing · adds drop at impact · both compound or hold · no recovery
30 players
#54
Adam Scott
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Image not available for Adam Scott
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally approx half head width, dropped several inches
ImpactHead continued to lower, stays in position through impact
FollowHolds position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with drop at top · drop deepens at impact · both held · no recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a drop at the top — about half a head width laterally and several inches down. At impact the drop deepens and the head stays in that position. Both movements held through impact and follow-through. No recovery. Identified as the most common overall pattern across the full combined dataset.

#55
Brittany Lincicome
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Image not available for Brittany Lincicome
Head tracking
TopHead turned but stays completely in box
ImpactHead moved laterally away from target and dropped — large hip drive is predicate
FollowHolds position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Head stable at top · large hip drive at impact pushes head laterally away from target with associated drop · no recovery
Coaching note

Head turns but stays completely in the box at the top. At impact a large hip drive creates the lateral exit and drop simultaneously. Both held into follow-through. The hip drive is clearly the predicate — a stable top followed by a hip-driven impact exit. Similar in timing to Ian Poulter.

#56
Brooke Henderson
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Image not available for Brooke Henderson
Head tracking
TopHead and spine moved laterally away from target approx half head width, dropped several inches
ImpactHead moved even further from target and dropped significantly more — almost completely outside box — hips moving toward target is predicate
FollowHolds compounded position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Large lateral load with drop at top · hips moving toward target at impact drives head further away and down · one of largest magnitudes in combined dataset
Coaching note

Large lateral exit with a significant drop at the top. At impact both movements compound dramatically — the hips moving toward target drive the head even further away from target and down. Almost completely outside the box at impact. One of the largest magnitudes in the combined dataset. Hips toward target is clearly the predicate.

#57
Cristie Kerr
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Image not available for Cristie Kerr
Head tracking
TopHead drifted laterally approx half head width, no drop
ImpactHead moved further away from target and risen several inches above box — early spine extension
FollowHolds that position through impact and into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral drift at top · early spine extension at impact drives head upward and laterally · head rises above box — rare in dataset · DTL confirms early spine extension
Coaching note

Lateral drift at the top with no drop. At impact the head moves further away from target AND rises several inches above the box — an upward exit rather than a downward one. This rising above the box at impact is rare in the dataset and is the signature of early spine extension. DTL confirms the mechanism. Head is the passenger of an extending spine.

#58
Gary Woodland
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Gary Woodland swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND lowers
ImpactLowers even more AND stays laterally shifted — driven by aggressive lower body action
FollowRebounds back through the box in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with lowering at top · lower body action adds further lowering at impact · rebound through box in follow-through is distinct release characteristic
Coaching note

Combined lateral exit and lowering at the top. At impact the lower body action adds further lowering — both compounding. Then a rebound back through the box in the follow-through — the head travels back toward and through the box as a release. The rebound is the distinct characteristic of this pattern.

#59
JB Holmes
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
JB Holmes swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box but drops into box
ImpactDrops further into box — significant drop at impact
FollowExits right in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Swing mechanics produce significant drop at impact · held through impact · no power commentary
Coaching note

Head stays inside the box but drops significantly at impact. The drop is the dominant movement. A Group 6 style drop that stays within the box. No power hitting or explosive extension commentary.

#60
Jessica Korda
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Jessica Korda swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND dips 3 to 4 inches
ImpactMoves completely outside box — further laterally AND lowers further
FollowStays well outside box in both dimensions
Why — the predicate
Combined lateral and vertical exit at top · both compound dramatically at impact · completely outside box · no recovery
Coaching note

Combined lateral exit and dip at the top — about half a head width laterally and 3-4 inches down. At impact both movements compound significantly — head moves completely outside the box with further lateral drift and more lowering. No recovery. Both movements build progressively from backswing through impact.

#61
Jon Rahm
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Jon Rahm swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSlight lateral move away from target AND dips a couple of inches
ImpactMaintains same position — no recentering, no recovery
FollowStays in same offset position
Why — the predicate
Combined small lateral exit and drop at top · both held without recovery throughout · consistent offset position maintained
Coaching note

Small combined lateral exit and dip at the top — both held consistently without recovery through impact and into follow-through. The position is set at the top and maintained. No recovery, no compounding — a consistent held offset. All ground force commentary removed.

#62
Jordan Spieth
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Jordan Spieth swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box
ImpactDrops into box at impact — moderate descent
FollowExits right — distinctive forward lean of spine in late follow-through
Why — the predicate
Head stable at top · drop adds at impact · forward lean of spine in late follow-through is distinct release characteristic · ground force commentary removed
Coaching note

Head stable at the top — no significant movement. At impact a moderate drop is added. The late follow-through shows a distinctive forward lean of the spine as the body chases the shot. A Group 6 pattern where the drop adds at impact from a stable top position. Ground force commentary removed.

#63
Justin Rose
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Justin Rose swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND rises about an inch
ImpactHead moves even further laterally away from target — compounds lateral drift
FollowStays in further laterally offset position
Why — the predicate
Lateral exit with slight rise at top · at impact lateral drift compounds further · no recovery — lateral gets worse from top to impact
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a very slight rise at the top — about half a head width. At impact the lateral movement compounds — head moves even further away from target. The lateral drift gets worse from top to impact rather than recovering. All A2 and Foley commentary removed.

#64
Justin Thomas
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Justin Thomas swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead dips several inches — in box
ImpactMoves laterally away from target AND dips further — barely inside box
FollowDips even further — head at very bottom of box
Why — the predicate
Progressive drop dominant throughout · lateral adds at impact · drop continues into bottom of box through follow-through · significant spinal demand
Coaching note

Progressive drop beginning at the top — several inches down but still in box. At impact lateral movement is added on top of the continuing drop — barely inside the box. Follow-through sees the head at the very bottom of the box. The drop is progressive and dominant at every phase. Significant spinal demand is a factual observation from the green box. All ground force commentary removed.

#65
Keegan Bradley
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Keegan Bradley swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSignificant head drop AND slight lateral movement away from target
ImpactMaintains same position — drop and slight lateral drift held
FollowHead and torso rebound UPWARD — rising back through finish
Why — the predicate
Swing style loads drop and lateral drift at top · holds both through impact · upward rebound in follow-through is distinct release characteristic
Coaching note

Significant drop with slight lateral exit at the top — both held through impact without recovery. The defining characteristic is the upward rebound of the head and torso in the follow-through — the head drops and holds then rises again. A Group 6 compounding pattern with a distinct upward rebound as the release.

#66
Laura Davies
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Laura Davies swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — almost a full head width
ImpactStays in laterally offset position — no recovery
FollowStays laterally offset AND drops even further — compounds in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Large lateral exit held · follow-through adds additional drop on top of lateral offset · movement compounds rather than releases
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top — almost a full head width — with no recovery. Follow-through adds an additional drop on top of the maintained lateral offset — the movement compounds rather than releasing cleanly. All previous rotation commentary removed.

#67
Lee Westwood
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Lee Westwood swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactSignificant drop added AND moves even further laterally away from target
FollowContinues moving further laterally — movement keeps building
Why — the predicate
Lateral load at top · both drop and lateral increase continuously through impact and into follow-through · no stabilisation point
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top followed by a significant drop AND additional lateral drift at impact — both compounding. The lateral movement continues to increase through impact and into the follow-through — it doesn't stop or stabilise. The continuously increasing lateral movement is the defining characteristic.

#68
Lexi Thompson
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Lexi Thompson swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead turns and moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactMoves further laterally AND drops down several inches — both compounding
FollowHolds compounded position
Why — the predicate
Lateral exit with head turn at top · at impact both lateral and drop compound further · no recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a head turn at the top — about half a head width. At impact both movements compound — more lateral drift and a drop of several inches are added. Both held through follow-through. Similar structure to Lee Westwood — lateral exit at top that compounds with additional lateral drift and a drop at impact.

#69
Lorena Ochoa
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Lorena Ochoa swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally — almost a full head width
ImpactDips severely AND moves even further away from target — well outside box in both dimensions
FollowStays well outside box — severe dip and lateral drift maintained
Why — the predicate
Large lateral exit on backswing · at impact both dip and lateral compound dramatically · no recovery · one of the larger magnitude examples in dataset
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top — almost a full head width. At impact the movement compounds dramatically: a severe dip is added on top of even more lateral drift. Both held with no recovery. The movement grows from large at the top to very large at impact. All A2 commentary removed.

#70
Louis Oosthuizen
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Louis Oosthuizen swing sequence
Head tracking
TopAlmost in box — slight drop of several inches
ImpactDrops even further AND moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head outside box
FollowStays in that position
Why — the predicate
Small drop at top · at impact drop compounds and lateral exit added · progressive compounding from top to impact
Coaching note

Nearly stable at the top with just a small drop. At impact the movement compounds — additional drop plus a lateral exit away from target. Head ends up half a head width outside the box at impact. Progressive compounding from top to impact — no recovery. All A2 commentary removed.

#71
Lydia Ko
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Lydia Ko swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactDrops into box — B-vertical style drop at impact
FollowExits right and up in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral exit at top · drop adds at impact · typical compounding Group 6 pattern · ground force commentary removed
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top followed by a drop at impact — both movements combined. The drop is the dominant movement at impact. A Group 6 compounding pattern. No ground force commentary.

#72
Mickey Wright
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Mickey Wright swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactHead dips AND stays laterally back — outside box in both dimensions
FollowHolds position outside box
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing · transition adds dip · both held · no recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top followed by a dip added at impact — both held without recovery. Head is outside the box in both dimensions at impact. Classic era pattern where lateral loading was the teaching and the dip compounds at impact without recovery.

#73
Mike Weir
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Mike Weir swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box
ImpactDrops/dips into box — stays there
FollowExits right in follow-through
Why — the predicate
Left-handed mirror of Group 6 compounding pattern · drop adds at impact · held
Coaching note

Left-handed mirror of the compounding pattern. Head stays in the box at the top but drops into the lower part of the box at impact and holds. The left-handed perspective is the mirror image of the equivalent right-handed pattern. Confirms the pattern is not handedness-specific.

#74
Nancy Lopez
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Nancy Lopez swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactSignificant drop/dip added — stays approximately half a head outside box · both movements maintained
FollowLateral drift and dip maintained
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing · transition adds significant dip · both held through impact · classic era compounding pattern
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top followed by a significant drop added at impact — both held without recovery. Very similar structure to Mickey Wright — two players from the same era showing the same combined lateral and vertical movement pattern.

#75
Patrick Reed
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Patrick Reed swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves slightly laterally away from target
ImpactHead dips/drops AND moves even more laterally away from target — compounding
FollowStays in that position halfway through follow-through
Why — the predicate
Small lateral exit at top · at impact drop and additional lateral drift added simultaneously · both compound · no recovery
Coaching note

Small lateral exit at the top that grows progressively. At impact both a dip and additional lateral drift are added — both movements compound from the top. The movement intensifies from top to impact rather than recovering. Held halfway through the follow-through.

#76
Rory McIlroy
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Rory McIlroy swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead noticeably drops AND shifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactMaintains that position — both drop and lateral shift held
FollowStays in that position
Why — the predicate
Combined vertical drop and lateral exit at top · both held without recovery through impact and follow-through · no hip-drive recoil required — pattern set at top and maintained
Coaching note

Combined drop and lateral shift at the top — about half a head width laterally with a noticeable descent. Both movements maintained without recovery all the way through impact and follow-through. The position is set at the top and simply held. All previous jump and ground force commentary removed.

#77
Ryan Palmer
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Ryan Palmer swing sequence
Head tracking
TopSmall lateral drift away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactHead drops several inches AND stays in laterally shifted position — both movements combined
FollowStays in dropped and laterally shifted position
Why — the predicate
Small lateral exit at top · significant drop added at impact on top of lateral drift · both held · drop is dominant movement
Coaching note

Small lateral exit at the top followed by a significant drop of several inches added at impact on top of the lateral drift. Both movements held through follow-through. The drop is the dominant movement — several inches is meaningful. A Group 6 compounding pattern where the drop adds substantially at impact.

#78
Scott McCarron
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Scott McCarron swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target AND drops — approximately halfway out of box
ImpactDrops into box and moves further laterally away from target
FollowExits right — strong extension
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing with drop · transition adds further lateral drift · no recovery
Coaching note

Mixed pattern — lateral drift and drop at the top, continuing and compounding at impact. The head drifts halfway out of the box at the top then drops further at impact. No recovery. A clear Group 6 compounding pattern.

#79
Sean O'Hair
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Sean O'Hair swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead drifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactSignificant dip creating pronounced spine tilt angle away from target
FollowExits right and up
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing · transition adds significant dip with spine tilt away from target · no recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit at top followed by a significant dip creating a pronounced spine tilt angle away from the target through impact. Nothing like the stillness previously described. Both movements compound — no recovery.

#80
Sergio Garcia
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Sergio Garcia swing sequence
Head tracking
TopCentred in box
ImpactDrops notably lower in box AND drifts slightly back away from target
FollowBoth drop and backward drift continue halfway through follow-through
Why — the predicate
Backswing loads cleanly · transition adds drop plus backward drift · both held
Coaching note

Head drops notably lower in the box at impact AND drifts slightly back away from the target — two simultaneous movements. Both are held halfway through the follow-through. The backward drift component is distinct from the typical away-from-target lateral pattern.

#81
Thomas Pieters
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Thomas Pieters swing sequence
Head tracking
TopDrifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactDrops/dips down in box — stays in lower position through impact
FollowHolds lower position
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing · transition adds dip into impact zone · both held — no hip-drive required
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top followed by a drop/dip into impact that is maintained. The dip is the dominant movement at impact — the lateral component from the top is held while the vertical drop adds. Both held through impact and follow-through.

#82
Tiger Woods (2001)
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Tiger Woods (2001) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopDrifts laterally away from target — approximately half a head width
ImpactSmall drop/dip added on top of lateral drift — stays laterally drifted
FollowMaintains lateral drift and small drop
Why — the predicate
Lateral load on backswing · transition adds small drop · both held — no recovery
Coaching note

Lateral exit at the top — about half a head width — that stays through the downswing. At impact a small drop is added on top of the lateral drift. Both held through follow-through. Not the stationary head previously described. A Group 6 compounding pattern with relatively modest magnitude.

#83
Tiger Woods (2015)
Group 6 — Compounding lateral and vertical — no recovery
Tiger Woods (2015) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopDrifts laterally away from target
ImpactStays laterally drifted AND more pronounced dip than 2001 — head remains outside box
FollowLateral drift and pronounced dip maintained — more exaggerated than 2001
Why — the predicate
Same basic pattern as 2001 but more exaggerated — lateral drift plus larger drop at impact
Coaching note

Same basic pattern as the 2001 swing but more exaggerated. The lateral drift stays through impact as before, but the dip is more pronounced — head remains outside the box through impact and follow-through. Both Tiger sequences show the same fundamental pattern; 2015 is the more exaggerated version.

7
Hip-drive recoil
Aggressive lower body drive toward target · head and spine recoil away · exits box at or after impact
22 players
#84
Angel Cabrera
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil Group 8 ✓
Image not available for Angel Cabrera
Head tracking
TopHead and spine moved laterally almost completely outside box away from target, dropped 5–6 inches
ImpactHead stayed in same recoiled spot — rotating but not moving positionally — held by lower body action
FollowHolds recoiled position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
One of largest magnitudes in combined dataset · lower body action drives large recoil at top and holds it · head rotation at impact is delivery characteristic · head is entirely passenger of lower body
Coaching note

One of the largest magnitude patterns in the combined dataset. Almost completely outside the box with a 5-6 inch drop at the top. At impact the head stays in that recoiled position — rotating but not moving further — held by the lower body action. Head rotation at impact links Cabrera to the Group 8 cluster. The lower body entirely determines the position.

#85
Bernard Langer
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Bernard Langer
Head tracking
TopHead rotated but stayed completely in box
ImpactHead moved laterally away from target approx half head width, no lowering visible face-on — behind view reveals dip from hip motion
FollowStays in position, possibly moves fractionally further from target
Why — the predicate
Lower body hip drive creates lateral recoil · behind view confirms dip · two views together give complete picture · face-on alone would miss the vertical component
Coaching note

Head rotates but stays in box at the top. At impact the hip drive creates a lateral recoil — about half a head width away from target. No significant lowering visible from the face-on angle. However the behind view clearly reveals a dip created by the hip motion. A reminder that two camera angles together give a more complete picture than either alone.

#86
Brad Faxon
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Brad Faxon
Head tracking
TopHead moved laterally away from target approx half head width, lowered several inches
ImpactHip drive toward target recoils head even further away from target laterally — drop carried and held
FollowStays in that position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with drop at top · hip drive at impact creates recoil pushing head even further away · classic hip-drive recoil pattern
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a significant drop at the top. At impact the hip drive toward target recoils the head even further away from target laterally — the drop is carried and held. The hip drive is the predicate that compounds the lateral movement at impact. A clear hip-drive recoil pattern.

#87
Bubba Watson
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Bubba Watson
Head tracking
TopHead in box but dropped significantly 3–4 inches
ImpactHead lowered further and moved laterally several inches away from target — lower body hip drive is predicate
FollowHolds position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Vertical drop at top · hip drive at impact adds lateral component and more drop · head is passenger of hip drive
Coaching note

Drop of 3-4 inches at the top — still in box. At impact the hip drive adds a lateral component and further drop simultaneously — both compounding. The hip drive is the predicate for the lateral exit that adds at impact. Head holds that compounded position through follow-through.

#88
Charles Howell III
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Charles Howell III
Head tracking
TopHead still in box, slightly rotated
ImpactHead moved laterally away from target and dropped slightly in response to lower body hip motion — mostly in box
FollowHolds position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Slight rotation at top · lower body hip motion creates minor recoil · one of smaller magnitudes in dataset
Coaching note

Minor pattern. Head stays in box at the top with slight rotation. At impact lower body hip motion creates a minor recoil — small lateral drift and slight drop, mostly still in box. One of the smaller magnitudes in the combined dataset. The hip motion is the predicate even at this minor scale.

#89
Charley Hull
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Charley Hull
Head tracking
TopHead in box, dropped couple of inches
ImpactHead moved laterally away from target approx half head width driven by hip action
FollowMoves slightly further away from target into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Drop at top · hip action at impact drives lateral exit · movement continues building slightly into follow-through
Coaching note

Small drop at the top — still in box. At impact the hip action drives the head laterally away from target — about half a head width. The lateral movement continues to build slightly into follow-through. Hip action is the predicate for the lateral exit at impact.

#90
Charlie Hoffman
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Charlie Hoffman
Head tracking
TopHead moved approx half head width away from target, dropped several inches
ImpactHead dropped even further and moved even further away from target — lower body drive toward target is predicate
FollowHolds compounded position into follow-through
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with drop at top · lower body drive toward target at impact creates recoil · both movements compound · hip drive is predicate
Coaching note

Lateral exit with a significant drop at the top. At impact the lower body drive toward target creates a recoil — the head moves even further away from target and drops even further. Both movements compound at impact driven by the hip action. The hip drive is the predicate for the compounding.

#91
Colin Montgomerie
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Image not available for Colin Montgomerie
Head tracking
TopHead moved toward target (highly unusual)
ImpactHead moved laterally away from target several inches outside box and lowered — large hip slide toward target is predicate
FollowHead continues to drop and hang back away from target
Why — the predicate
Toward-target movement at top followed by full reversal at impact · large hip slide toward target is predicate for dramatic reversal · most unusual timing pattern in combined dataset
Coaching note

Most unusual timing pattern in the combined dataset. Head moves toward the target at the top of the backswing — rare. At impact a full reversal occurs driven by a large hip slide toward the target: the head moves several inches outside the box away from target and drops. The hip slide is the predicate for the dramatic reversal. Head continues to drop and hang back through follow-through.

#92
Daniel Berger
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Daniel Berger swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — AND lowers several inches
ImpactHead lowers even further — occupying lower part of box — hips well forward creating spine angle
FollowStays in lower part of box with forward hip spine angle
Why — the predicate
Lateral load with lowering at top · hips driving forward at impact add further lowering and create spine angle · hip drive is predicate
Coaching note

Combined lateral exit and significant lowering at the top. At impact the hips drive well forward — the predicate — creating a spine angle and pulling the head further down into the lower part of the box. The hip drive is clearly the cause of the additional lowering at impact. Head stays within the box but at the lower portion.

#93
David Duval (FO)
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil Group 8 ✓
David Duval (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead lowers — stays inside box — NO lateral movement at top
ImpactHead lowers further AND moves laterally away from target — driven by larger hip drive
FollowStays in lowered and laterally offset position
Why — the predicate
Pure vertical lowering at top · hip drive at impact introduces lateral component and compounds lowering · head rotation through impact is additional delivery characteristic
Coaching note

Pure vertical lowering at the top — no lateral component. At impact the hip drive introduces the lateral movement and compounds the lowering. Both movements are impact-phase phenomena driven by hip action. Head rotation through impact links Duval to the Group 8 delivery characteristic cluster. The DTL spine overlay confirms no depth sway — movement is vertical then lateral. Not elite A2 — hip-drive recoil pattern.

#94
Fred Couples
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Fred Couples swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — slight drop
ImpactHead drops even more AND moves even further laterally away from target — driven by large hip slide toward target
FollowStays in compounded position
Why — the predicate
Large hip slide toward target is the predicate · creates equal and opposite recoil · head drops and moves further away from target simultaneously
Coaching note

Hip slide toward target is the clear predicate — the head drops more and moves even further away from target at impact as a direct consequence of the hip slide. Both movements compound from the top. The hip slide is entirely the cause. The head is the passenger of a very specific mechanical ride.

#95
Graeme McDowell
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Graeme McDowell swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead lowers significantly AND small lateral move away from target
ImpactHead and spine move completely outside box — driven by larger hip drive toward target — reverse C spine position
FollowHead and spine remain severely angled — reverse C maintained
Why — the predicate
Hip drive toward target is the predicate · creates strong equal and opposite recoil · head and spine completely exit box · reverse C spine angle is the signature outcome
Coaching note

Significant lowering with small lateral exit at the top. At impact the hip drive toward target completely pulls the head and spine outside the box — one of the largest hip-drive recoil outcomes in the dataset. The reverse C spine position is maintained through follow-through. The hip drive is entirely the predicate.

#96
Ian Poulter
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Ian Poulter swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box — slight lowering only
ImpactHead moves significantly away from target AND drops — barely catching lower left corner of box — driven by lower body drive
FollowStays in lower left corner of box
Why — the predicate
Stable at top · lower body drive toward target at impact creates dramatic recoil · head barely inside box at lower left corner · hip drive is predicate
Coaching note

Stable and controlled at the top — only slight lowering. At impact the lower body drive toward target creates a dramatic recoil — significant lateral movement away from target combined with a drop. Head barely catches the lower left corner of the box. The contrast between the stable top and the dramatic impact movement shows the recoil is entirely a downswing phenomenon.

#97
Jack Nicklaus
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Jack Nicklaus swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stays in box BUT rises several inches
ImpactHead and spine angle away from target — half a head outside box — driven by huge hip drive toward target
FollowStays in that position — angled away from target
Why — the predicate
Rise at top · huge hip drive toward target at impact creates strong recoil · head and spine pushed half head width outside box · hip drive is entirely the predicate
Coaching note

Head stays in box at the top but rises several inches. At impact the enormous hip drive toward target pushes the head and spine half a head width outside the box away from target — the recoil is dramatic. The rise-then-recoil sequence is the defining pattern. The hip drive is entirely the predicate. All head stability commentary removed.

#98
Jamie Sadlowski
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Jamie Sadlowski swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — approximately half a head width — primarily head turning rather than body movement
ImpactHead drops significantly AND moves large amount away from target — almost exits box — driven by hip motion
FollowMaintains that position — almost outside box
Why — the predicate
Head turn at top rather than body movement · hip motion at impact drives dramatic drop and lateral exit · almost exits box · head is passenger of extreme hip action
Coaching note

The lateral movement at the top is primarily a head turn rather than a body shift — an important distinction. At impact hip motion creates a dramatic compound: significant drop combined with large lateral movement away from target. Head almost exits the box entirely. The hip motion is the predicate for both movements. The compounding at impact is among the most extreme in the dataset.

#99
Jason Day
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Jason Day swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves away from target a few inches AND lowers a few inches
ImpactHead and spine lower further AND move slightly more away from target
FollowContinue moving even further — both lowering and lateral drift keep building
Why — the predicate
Lower body hip drive causing continuous progressive head drop and recoil behaviour · movement never stabilises · continuously progressive compound movement
Coaching note

Small combined exit and lowering at the top. Both movements continue to build progressively through impact and into follow-through — the head keeps moving in both directions without stabilising. Lower body hip drive is the predicate — the head is recoiling continuously from the hip action. The continuously progressive nature distinguishes this from patterns that load and hold.

#100
Jim Furyk (FO)
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Jim Furyk (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead rises a couple of inches AND moves laterally backward several inches
ImpactHead has risen even further — staying behind the ball — head rotating through impact
FollowContinues in risen and rotated position
Why — the predicate
Rise plus lateral exit on backswing · hip drive at impact compounds the rise · head rotation through impact is delivery characteristic
Coaching note

Head rises and moves laterally at the top. At impact the head has risen even further — staying behind the ball — while rotating through impact. The rise compounds at impact rather than recovering. Head rotation through impact links Furyk to the Group 8 delivery characteristic cluster (Duval, Gary Player, Inbee Park, Sorenstam).

#101
Lee Trevino
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Lee Trevino swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target — almost a full head width
ImpactMoves slightly forward/toward target from top BUT huge drop/dip at impact
FollowMaintains that dropped position
Why — the predicate
Large lateral exit at top · partial lateral recovery toward target · huge drop added at impact · drop is dominant movement · hip action drives the drop
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top — almost a full head width. On the downswing there is a slight lateral recovery toward the target. But a huge drop dominates at impact — far larger than the lateral component. The drop is maintained through follow-through. Two distinct phases: lateral going back, dominant drop coming through. All previous head stability commentary removed.

#102
Matt Kuchar
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Matt Kuchar swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead moves laterally away from target AND dips quite significantly
ImpactHead and spine move almost totally out of box away from target — stays there
FollowRemains outside the box
Why — the predicate
Large hip-drive recoil — hip action pulls head and spine almost completely outside box · no recovery
Coaching note

Major correction from previous description. Large combined lateral exit and significant dip at the top. By impact the head and spine have moved almost entirely outside the box away from target — and stay there. No recovery. A strong hip-drive recoil pattern despite Kuchar's reputation for a quiet swing.

#103
Retief Goosen (FO)
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Retief Goosen (FO) swing sequence
Head tracking
TopStays in box
ImpactDramatically moves laterally outside box — more than 2/3 outside box — with slight downward component
FollowStays well outside the box
Why — the predicate
Downswing lateral exit driven by hip action — movement happens on downswing not backswing · no recovery
Coaching note

Completely different story from the DTL view. Head stays in box at the top but on the downswing dramatically exits — more than 2/3 outside the box away from target with a slight downward component. The movement is entirely a downswing phenomenon driven by hip action. The DTL and FO views of Goosen tell very different stories and must both be considered.

#104
Seve Ballesteros
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Seve Ballesteros swing sequence
Head tracking
TopExits box — head moves significantly laterally away from target
ImpactMoves further outside box — stays away from target
FollowWell outside box — strong lateral clearing
Why — the predicate
Aggressive lower body action and free backswing create large lateral exit · no recovery mechanism · ride is unrestricted
Coaching note

Large lateral exit at the top that stays and compounds through impact and follow-through. Head moves well outside the box and stays there. One of the larger lateral exits in the dataset. Classic pre-modern free swing where the ride is entirely unrestricted.

#105
Steve Elkington
Group 7 — Hip-drive recoil
Steve Elkington swing sequence
Head tracking
TopHead stable — no drop at top
ImpactSignificant drop COMBINED with lateral drift away from target — driven by pronounced hip slide toward target
FollowBoth drop and lateral drift held
Why — the predicate
Hip slide toward target is the predicate — creates equal and opposite recoil pushing head down and sideways
Coaching note

No movement at the top — but at impact the pronounced hip slide toward target drags the head significantly down and laterally away from target simultaneously. The hip slide is entirely the predicate. A clear hip-drive recoil pattern where the top position gives no indication of what is coming at impact.